11/4/2023 0 Comments Risk probability matrix formRisk assessment is a systematic use of available data to determine how often specific events may occur and the magnitude of their likely consequences. Risk assessment provides an understanding of risks, their causes, consequences, and probabilities. Different tools and techniques may be appropriate in different contexts. Risks can be assessed at an organizational level or departmental level for projects, individual activities, or specific risks. It is the overall process of risk identification, risk analysis, and risk evaluation. Risk assessment is an essential tool for the safety policy of a company. and risk assessments must be carried out on these job tasks to either approve or disapprove the operation. Underwater operations are carried out using a combination of several job tasks that comprise of logistics for offshore mobilization, diving, pulling, lowering, lifting, dragging, cutting, welding etc. Furthermore, there are many underlying risk factors involved in high rate of underwater oil and gas fatalities, critical accidents and life-threatening injuries. In the years 2007 to 2012, the occupational fatality rate of the oil and gas drilling industry was 2.5 times higher than the construction industry and 7 times higher than general industry. UWOGRO have been accounting for a higher injury incident rate than other domains in the petroleum industry. Globally, UWOGRO are very risky, dangerous and the environmental and economic impacts associated with the accidents that arise from the operations are usually massive and devastating. In order to improve safety during Uder Water Oil and Gas Related Operations (UWOGRO), safety personnel and other experts including legal and statutory authorities have adopted several rules and regulations since incidents and accidents in UWOGRO can cause fatal damages to human life and environment. One of the most critical and substantial concerns in the underwater oil and gas related operation is the safety of workers and the water environment. For the purpose of this study, the offshore operations can be used interchangeably with underwater oil and gas operations. These high-risk operations present potential for accidents, injuries, and, in some cases, even death in the offshore environment. The offshore oil and gas industry is a high-risk sector where workers face not only process hazards associated with the exploration, storage and processing of hydrocarbons on platforms but other forms of hazards related to the harsh working environment and transportation, piracy and bandit attack/kidnapping, poor visibility, heavy storms, strong wind, hyperbaric operations, rotating capstan, entrapment, capsizing, breakage or fatigue, uncontrolled inclinations, loss of buoyancy, pipeline failure, power failure, corrosion, poor installation and malfunction of the mechanical system. The 4 by 4 risk matrix for frequency and consequences revealed that two hazards (Piracy & bandit attack/kidnapping (H01) and Other main vessels/heavy object dropping or falling load/collision (H08)) were identified to be of very high risk. The eight hazards categorized based on their risk IDs were H01, H03, H04, H08, H10, H11, H12, and H15. The 4 by 4 risk assessment matrix for the likelihood and consequences showed that 8 out of 20 underwater hazards were categorized as having very high risk according to their risk ratings. Data analyses were carried out to cover descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and Pearsonal correlation coefficients. A sample size of 418 was computed to which the questionnaires were administered with response rate of 95.93%. Five oil and gas companies were used for this study selected by a purposive method given that they had the highest number of workers involved in underwater operations. The study is a cross-sectional design assessment of the likelihood, frequency and severity of hazards associated with underwater operations in the Niger Delta.
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